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Amazon MLS-C01 (AWS Certified Machine Learning - Specialty) 認定試験は、Amazon Web Services (AWS) プラットフォーム上の機械学習における専門知識を証明するために設計された包括的でチャレンジングなテストです。この試験では、AWS サービスを使用した機械学習ソリューションの設計、実装、およびメンテナンスに関する知識とスキルが検証されます。この認定試験は、データサイエンス、ソフトウェアエンジニアリング、クラウドコンピューティングに経験を持つ専門家に適しています。
AWS認定機械学習 - 専門認定試験は、Amazon Webサービス(AWS)を使用して機械学習モデルの構築、トレーニング、展開のスキルを実証したい個人向けに設計された挑戦的で名誉ある認証です。この認定は、さまざまなビジネスアプリケーション向けに機械学習ソリューションを設計、実装、および維持する候補者の能力を検証します。
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質問 # 303
A bank's Machine Learning team is developing an approach for credit card fraud detection The company has a large dataset of historical data labeled as fraudulent The goal is to build a model to take the information from new transactions and predict whether each transaction is fraudulent or not Which built-in Amazon SageMaker machine learning algorithm should be used for modeling this problem?
正解:B
質問 # 304
A company wants to classify user behavior as either fraudulent or normal. Based on internal research, a Machine Learning Specialist would like to build a binary classifier based on two features: age of account and transaction month. The class distribution for these features is illustrated in the figure provided.
Based on this information, which model would have the HIGHEST recall with respect to the fraudulent class?
正解:D
解説:
Based on the figure provided, a decision tree would have the highest recall with respect to the fraudulent class. Recall is a model evaluation metric that measures the proportion of actual positive instances that are correctly classified by the model. Recall is calculated as follows:
Recall = True Positives / (True Positives + False Negatives)
A decision tree is a type of machine learning model that can perform classification tasks by splitting the data into smaller and purer subsets based on a series of rules or conditions. A decision tree can handle both linear and non-linear data, and can capture complex patterns and interactions among the features. A decision tree can also be easily visualized and interpreted1 In this case, the data is not linearly separable, and has a clear pattern of seasonality. The fraudulent class forms a large circle in the center of the plot, while the normal class is scattered around the edges. A decision tree can use the transaction month and the age of account as the splitting criteria, and create a circular boundary that separates the fraudulent class from the normal class. A decision tree can achieve a high recall for the fraudulent class, as it can correctly identify most of the black dots as positive instances, and minimize the number of false negatives. A decision tree can also adjust the depth and complexity of the tree to balance the trade-off between recall and precision23 The other options are not valid or suitable for achieving a high recall for the fraudulent class. A linear support vector machine (SVM) is a type of machine learning model that can perform classification tasks by finding a linear hyperplane that maximizes the margin between the classes. A linear SVM can handle linearly separable data, but not non-linear data. A linear SVM cannot capture the circular pattern of the fraudulent class, and may misclassify many of the black dots as negative instances, resulting in a low recall4 A naive Bayesian classifier is a type of machine learning model that can perform classification tasks by applying the Bayes' theorem and assuming conditional independence among the features. A naive Bayesian classifier can handle both linear and non-linear data, and can incorporate prior knowledge and probabilities into the model. However, a naive Bayesian classifier may not perform well when the features are correlated or dependent, as in this case. A naive Bayesian classifier may not capture the circular pattern of the fraudulent class, and may misclassify many of the black dots as negative instances, resulting in a low recall5 A single perceptron with sigmoidal activation function is a type of machine learning model that can perform classification tasks by applying a weighted linear combination of the features and a non-linear activation function. A single perceptron with sigmoidal activation function can handle linearly separable data, but not non-linear data. A single perceptron with sigmoidal activation function cannot capture the circular pattern of the fraudulent class, and may misclassify many of the black dots as negative instances, resulting in a low recall.
質問 # 305
A Data Scientist wants to gain real-time insights into a data stream of GZIP files. Which solution would allow the use of SQL to query the stream with the LEAST latency?
正解:A
解説:
Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics is a service that enables you to analyze streaming data in real time using SQL or Apache Flink applications. You can use Kinesis Data Analytics to process and gain insights from data streams such as web logs, clickstreams, IoT data, and more.
To use SQL to query a data stream of GZIP files, you need to first transform the data into a format that Kinesis Data Analytics can understand, such as JSON, CSV, or Apache Parquet. You can use an AWS Lambda function to perform this transformation and send the output to a Kinesis data stream that is connected to your Kinesis Data Analytics application. This way, you can use SQL to query the stream with the least latency, as Lambda functions are triggered in near real time by the incoming data and Kinesis Data Analytics can process the data as soon as it arrives.
The other options are not optimal for this scenario, as they introduce more latency or complexity. AWS Glue is a serverless data integration service that can perform ETL (extract, transform, and load) tasks on data sources, but it is not designed for real-time streaming data analysis. An Amazon Kinesis Client Library is a Java library that enables you to build custom applications that process data from Kinesis data streams, but it requires more coding and configuration than using a Lambda function. Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose is a service that can deliver streaming data to destinations such as Amazon S3, Amazon Redshift, Amazon OpenSearch Service, and Splunk, but it does not support SQL queries on the data.
References:
What Is Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics for SQL Applications?
Using AWS Lambda with Amazon Kinesis Data Streams
Using AWS Lambda with Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose
質問 # 306
A company wants to predict stock market price trends. The company stores stock market data each business day in Amazon S3 in Apache Parquet format. The company stores 20 GB of data each day for each stock code.
A data engineer must use Apache Spark to perform batch preprocessing data transformations quickly so the company can complete prediction jobs before the stock market opens the next day. The company plans to track more stock market codes and needs a way to scale the preprocessing data transformations.
Which AWS service or feature will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort over time?
正解:A
解説:
AWS Glue jobs is the AWS service or feature that will meet the requirements with the least development effort over time. AWS Glue jobs is a fully managed service that enables data engineers to run Apache Spark applications on a serverless Spark environment. AWS Glue jobs can perform batch preprocessing data transformations on large datasets stored in Amazon S3, such as converting data formats, filtering data, joining data, and aggregating dat a. AWS Glue jobs can also scale the Spark environment automatically based on the data volume and processing needs, without requiring any infrastructure provisioning or management. AWS Glue jobs can reduce the development effort and time by providing a graphical interface to create and monitor Spark applications, as well as a code generation feature that can generate Scala or Python code based on the data sources and targets. AWS Glue jobs can also integrate with other AWS services, such as Amazon Athena, Amazon EMR, and Amazon SageMaker, to enable further data analysis and machine learning tasks1.
The other options are either more complex or less scalable than AWS Glue jobs. Amazon EMR cluster is a managed service that enables data engineers to run Apache Spark applications on a cluster of Amazon EC2 instances. However, Amazon EMR cluster requires more development effort and time than AWS Glue jobs, as it involves setting up, configuring, and managing the cluster, as well as writing and deploying the Spark code. Amazon EMR cluster also does not scale automatically, but requires manual or scheduled resizing of the cluster based on the data volume and processing needs2. Amazon Athena is a serverless interactive query service that enables data engineers to analyze data stored in Amazon S3 using standard SQL. However, Amazon Athena is not suitable for performing complex data transformations, such as joining data from multiple sources, aggregating data, or applying custom logic. Amazon Athena is also not designed for running Spark applications, but only supports SQL queries3. AWS Lambda is a serverless compute service that enables data engineers to run code without provisioning or managing servers. However, AWS Lambda is not optimized for running Spark applications, as it has limitations on the execution time, memory size, and concurrency of the functions. AWS Lambda is also not integrated with Amazon S3, and requires additional steps to read and write data from S3 buckets.
References:
1: AWS Glue - Fully Managed ETL Service - Amazon Web Services
2: Amazon EMR - Amazon Web Services
3: Amazon Athena - Interactive SQL Queries for Data in Amazon S3
[4]: AWS Lambda - Serverless Compute - Amazon Web Services
質問 # 307
A network security vendor needs to ingest telemetry data from thousands of endpoints that run all over the world. The data is transmitted every 30 seconds in the form of records that contain 50 fields. Each record is up to 1 KB in size. The security vendor uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to ingest the data. The vendor requires hourly summaries of the records that Kinesis Data Streams ingests. The vendor will use Amazon Athena to query the records and to generate the summaries. The Athena queries will target 7 to 12 of the available data fields.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of customization to transform and store the ingested data?
正解:C
解説:
Explanation
The solution that will meet the requirements with the least amount of customization to transform and store the ingested data is to use Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics to read and aggregate the data hourly, transform the data and store it in Amazon S3 by using Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose. This solution leverages the built-in features of Kinesis Data Analytics to perform SQL queries on streaming data and generate hourly summaries.
Kinesis Data Analytics can also output the transformed data to Kinesis Data Firehose, which can then deliver the data to S3 in a specified format and partitioning scheme. This solution does not require any custom code or additional infrastructure to process the data. The other solutions either require more customization (such as using Lambda or EMR) or do not meet the requirement of aggregating the data hourly (such as using Lambda to read the data from Kinesis Data Streams). References:
1: Boosting Resiliency with an ML-based Telemetry Analytics Architecture | AWS Architecture Blog
2: AWS Cloud Data Ingestion Patterns and Practices
3: IoT ingestion and Machine Learning analytics pipeline with AWS IoT ...
4: AWS IoT Data Ingestion Simplified 101: The Complete Guide - Hevo Data
質問 # 308
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AWS-Certified-Machine-Learning-Specialty学習教材の練習試験や模擬試験はみんなにとって重要です。今のリビジョン条件はAWS-Certified-Machine-Learning-Specialty試験に参加する良い機会です。したがって、レビュープランを調整するために、AWS-Certified-Machine-Learning-Specialtyの各練習問題を要約することが不可欠です。今、私たちはAWS-Certified-Machine-Learning-Specialty実際試験を模擬するためにオンラインテストエンジンとWindowsソフトウェアを追加しました。
AWS-Certified-Machine-Learning-Specialty日本語受験攻略: https://www.japancert.com/AWS-Certified-Machine-Learning-Specialty.html
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